Quick Search MLNXOFED v4.6-1.0.1.1. 4.6-1.0.1.1: July 31, 2019. These are the release notes of MLNXOFED for Linux Driver, which operates across all Mellanox. . Features. Notes will capture what's in your mind quickly. Pin frequently used on top for quick access. Add colours to organise by type. Supports Dark & Light theme. Works on Phone & Tablet. Extensive search for ease of lookup.
- Interactive Analysis with the Spark Shell
This tutorial provides a quick introduction to using Spark. We will first introduce the API through Spark’sinteractive shell (in Python or Scala),then show how to write standalone applications in Java, Scala, and Python.See the programming guide for a more complete reference.
To follow along with this guide, first download a packaged release of Spark from theSpark website. Since we won’t be using HDFS,you can download a package for any version of Hadoop.
Basics
Spark’s shell provides a simple way to learn the API, as well as a powerful tool to analyze data interactively.It is available in either Scala (which runs on the Java VM and is thus a good way to use existing Java libraries)or Python. Start it by running the following in the Spark directory:
Spark’s primary abstraction is a distributed collection of items called a Resilient Distributed Dataset (RDD). RDDs can be created from Hadoop InputFormats (such as HDFS files) or by transforming other RDDs. Let’s make a new RDD from the text of the README file in the Spark source directory:
RDDs have actions, which return values, and transformations, which return pointers to new RDDs. Let’s start with a few actions:
Now let’s use a transformation. We will use the filter transformation to return a new RDD with a subset of the items in the file.
We can chain together transformations and actions:
Spark’s primary abstraction is a distributed collection of items called a Resilient Distributed Dataset (RDD). RDDs can be created from Hadoop InputFormats (such as HDFS files) or by transforming other RDDs. Let’s make a new RDD from the text of the README file in the Spark source directory:
RDDs have actions, which return values, and transformations, which return pointers to new RDDs. Let’s start with a few actions:
Now let’s use a transformation. We will use the filter transformation to return a new RDD with a subset of the items in the file.
We can chain together transformations and actions:
More on RDD Operations
RDD actions and transformations can be used for more complex computations. Let’s say we want to find the line with the most words:
This first maps a line to an integer value, creating a new RDD. reduce is called on that RDD to find the largest line count. The arguments to map and reduce are Scala function literals (closures), and can use any language feature or Scala/Java library. For example, we can easily call functions declared elsewhere. We’ll use Math.max() function to make this code easier to understand:
One common data flow pattern is MapReduce, as popularized by Hadoop. Spark can implement MapReduce flows easily:
Here, we combined the flatMap, map and reduceByKey transformations to compute the per-word counts in the file as an RDD of (String, Int) pairs. To collect the word counts in our shell, we can use the collect action:
This first maps a line to an integer value, creating a new RDD. reduce is called on that RDD to find the largest line count. The arguments to map and reduce are Python anonymous functions (lambdas),but we can also pass any top-level Python function we want.For example, we’ll define a max function to make this code easier to understand:
One common data flow pattern is MapReduce, as popularized by Hadoop. Spark can implement MapReduce flows easily:
Here, we combined the flatMap, map and reduceByKey transformations to compute the per-word counts in the file as an RDD of (string, int) pairs. To collect the word counts in our shell, we can use the collect action:
Caching
Spark also supports pulling data sets into a cluster-wide in-memory cache. This is very useful when data is accessed repeatedly, such as when querying a small “hot” dataset or when running an iterative algorithm like PageRank. As a simple example, let’s mark our linesWithSpark dataset to be cached:
It may seem silly to use Spark to explore and cache a 100-line text file. The interesting part isthat these same functions can be used on very large data sets, even when they are striped acrosstens or hundreds of nodes. You can also do this interactively by connecting bin/spark-shell toa cluster, as described in the programming guide.
It may seem silly to use Spark to explore and cache a 100-line text file. The interesting part isthat these same functions can be used on very large data sets, even when they are striped acrosstens or hundreds of nodes. You can also do this interactively by connecting bin/pyspark toa cluster, as described in the programming guide.
Now say we wanted to write a standalone application using the Spark API. We will walk through asimple application in both Scala (with SBT), Java (with Maven), and Python.
We’ll create a very simple Spark application in Scala. So simple, in fact, that it’snamed SimpleApp.scala:
This program just counts the number of lines containing ‘a’ and the number containing ‘b’ in theSpark README. Note that you’ll need to replace YOUR_SPARK_HOME with the location where Spark isinstalled. Unlike the earlier examples with the Spark shell, which initializes its own SparkContext,we initialize a SparkContext as part of the program.
Quick Notes Books
We pass the SparkContext constructor a SparkConfobject which contains information about ourapplication.
Our application depends on the Spark API, so we’ll also include an sbt configuration file, simple.sbt which explains that Spark is a dependency. This file also adds a repository that Spark depends on:
For sbt to work correctly, we’ll need to layout SimpleApp.scala and simple.sbtaccording to the typical directory structure. Once that is in place, we can create a JAR packagecontaining the application’s code, then use the spark-submit script to run our program.
This example will use Maven to compile an application jar, but any similar build system will work.
We’ll create a very simple Spark application, SimpleApp.java:
This program just counts the number of lines containing ‘a’ and the number containing ‘b’ in a textfile. Note that you’ll need to replace YOUR_SPARK_HOME with the location where Spark is installed.As with the Scala example, we initialize a SparkContext, though we use the specialJavaSparkContext class to get a Java-friendly one. We also create RDDs (represented byJavaRDD) and run transformations on them. Finally, we pass functions to Spark by creating classesthat extend spark.api.java.function.Function. TheSpark programming guide describes these differences in more detail.
To build the program, we also write a Maven pom.xml file that lists Spark as a dependency.Note that Spark artifacts are tagged with a Scala version.
We lay out these files according to the canonical Maven directory structure:
Now, we can package the application using Maven and execute it with ./bin/spark-submit.
Now we will show how to write a standalone application using the Python API (PySpark).
As an example, we’ll create a simple Spark application, SimpleApp.py:
Quick Notes 1.0.1 Download
This program just counts the number of lines containing ‘a’ and the number containing ‘b’ in atext file.Note that you’ll need to replace YOUR_SPARK_HOME with the location where Spark is installed.As with the Scala and Java examples, we use a SparkContext to create RDDs.We can pass Python functions to Spark, which are automatically serialized along with any variablesthat they reference.For applications that use custom classes or third-party libraries, we can also add codedependencies to spark-submit through its --py-files argument by packaging them into a.zip file (see spark-submit --help for details).SimpleApp is simple enough that we do not need to specify any code dependencies.
We can run this application using the bin/spark-submit script:
Quick Notes 2013
Congratulations on running your first Spark application!
Quick Notes 2019
- For an in-depth overview of the API, start with the Spark programming guide,or see “Programming Guides” menu for other components.
- For running applications on a cluster, head to the deployment overview.
- Finally, Spark includes several samples in the
examplesdirectory(Scala, Java, Python).You can run them as follows: